April + Brett

My friends April and Brett are pregnant! To help them gain some idea of the idea as to what they can expect from their little baby girl based on their genetic pedigree.

Their Baby will most likely have:

-Brown Hair
-Brown Eyes
-Not be at risk of balding or color blindness
-Be from 5'2" to 5'4" at full height
-Have curly hair
-Be able to curl tongue
-Become near-sighted and need glasses some day
-Not at risk of becoming deaf to genetic mutation
-May be at risk of Breast Cancer
-Most likely be at risk of high choleterol
-Most likely be at risk for heart disease
- May be at risk for skin cancer
-may be at risk of high blood pressure

Pretty cool stuff, even though it seems pretty standard based on their family history this is what they can come to expect from their baby! (granted I'm not perfect at determining their baby's genetics through pedigrees quite yet.)

Where do you get what from? continued...

So now that we know what the different modes of inheritance are I'll list some diseases and some physical traits that you can track for yourself through your own pedigree and determine whether you're at risk to recieve that trait or disease or your children are at risk.

Autosomal Dominant:

Physical Traits-

Blood type
Height
Longevity 
 Physical endurance
Earwax Type 

 Diseases-

• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
• Machado-Joseph Disease
• Marfan syndrome
• MODY diabetes
• Otosclerosis
• Neurofibromatosis 
• Back Pain
• High blood pressure 
• Obesity 

Read more at http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/a/autosomal_dominant_genetic_diseases/subtypes.htm?ktrack=kcplink

Autosomal Recessive:

Physical Traits-

Resistance to HIV and AIDS

Diseases-

• Alpers Syndrome
• Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease
• Cystic Fibrosis
• Sickle Cell Anemia
• Spinal Muscular Atrophy type I
• Spinal Muscular Atrophy type II
• Spinal Muscular Atrophy type III
• Tay Sachs
• Thalassemia
• Usher Syndrome
• Hearing Loss
• Male infertility
• Albinism
• Blood clotting disorders  
• Restless Legs Syndrome

Read more at http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/a/autosomal_recessive_genetic_diseases/subtypes.htm?ktrack=kcplink

X-Linked Dominant:

Physical Traits-

Diseases-

• Coffin-Lowry syndrome
• Incontinentia Pigmenti

Read more at http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/d/dominant_genetic_diseases/subtypes.htm?ktrack=kcplink

X-Linked Recessive:

 Physical Traits-

red hair
pale skin
freckles.
Male-pattern baldness


Diseases-

• Becker Muscular Dystrophy
• Deuteranopia
• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
• Fragile-X Syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Progressive Spinobulbar muscular atrophy
• Protanopia
• Red-green color blindness
• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
• X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

Read more at http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/x/x_linked_recessive_genetic_diseases/subtypes.htm?ktrack=kcplink

Y-Linked:

Physical Traits-

Male reproductive organs

Diseases-

Huntington’s: progressive dementia onset

Inheritance of Traits: where do you get what from?

Every trait you have is from your parents chromosomes, and now in yours! This is where their DNA is inside of you in each of your cells. Each trait is determined by a sequence of DNA which makes up your genes or genetics. This is a list of different diseases and traits and how they're inherited from your parents, so you can get an idea of whether you might inherit something or not from your parents.

There are five main ways of inheriting traits from your parents chromosomes. There's Autosomal Dominant inheritance, Autosomal Recessive inheritance, X-Dominant, X-Recessive, and Y-linked inheritance. Following is a brief explanation of what those types mean and who they affect.

                                                 (Legend for reading pedigree charts)

 Autosomal Dominant traits:

-Females and males are equally likely to have the trait.

-Traits do not skip generations (generally).

-Affected children have at least one affected parent.

There is male-to-male transmission.
and Autosomal Dominant trait's pedigree would look something like this

Autosomal Recessive:

-Males and females are equally likely to have the traits.

-Traits often skip generations.

-Affected children are born to unaffected parents (carriers).

 

Pedigree of Autosomal Recessive trait 

X-Linked Dominant Traits:

-Twice as many females as males are affected.

-Traits doesn’t skip generations.

-Generally an affected female will pass the trait to half her children, and sons and daughters will be equally affected.

-All daughters of an affected male will be affected.

-There is no male-to-male transmission.

Pedigree for X-Linked Dominant traits

X-Linked Recessive Traits:

-The trait is far more common in males than in females.

-The trait skips one or more generations.

-Affected males are usually born to unaffected mothers.

-There is no male-to-male transmission

example pedigree of X-Linked Recessive trait

Y-Linked traits:

-Only males are affected. 
-All sons of an affected male will be affected.


-The trait does not skip generations

Example of Y-Linked trait pedigree 

So those are how your traits are inherited from your parents, and a brief overlook of how the sequencing through generations happens for the different modes of inheritance.